| #!/usr/bin/python |
| # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+ |
| # |
| # Copyright (C) 2017 Google, Inc |
| # Written by Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org> |
| # |
| |
| """Device tree to platform data class |
| |
| This supports converting device tree data to C structures definitions and |
| static data. |
| |
| See doc/driver-model/of-plat.rst for more informaiton |
| """ |
| |
| import collections |
| import copy |
| from enum import IntEnum |
| import os |
| import re |
| import sys |
| |
| from dtoc import fdt |
| from dtoc import fdt_util |
| from dtoc import src_scan |
| from dtoc.src_scan import conv_name_to_c |
| |
| # When we see these properties we ignore them - i.e. do not create a structure |
| # member |
| PROP_IGNORE_LIST = [ |
| '#address-cells', |
| '#gpio-cells', |
| '#size-cells', |
| 'compatible', |
| 'linux,phandle', |
| "status", |
| 'phandle', |
| 'u-boot,dm-pre-reloc', |
| 'u-boot,dm-tpl', |
| 'u-boot,dm-spl', |
| ] |
| |
| # C type declarations for the types we support |
| TYPE_NAMES = { |
| fdt.Type.INT: 'fdt32_t', |
| fdt.Type.BYTE: 'unsigned char', |
| fdt.Type.STRING: 'const char *', |
| fdt.Type.BOOL: 'bool', |
| fdt.Type.INT64: 'fdt64_t', |
| } |
| |
| STRUCT_PREFIX = 'dtd_' |
| VAL_PREFIX = 'dtv_' |
| |
| class Ftype(IntEnum): |
| SOURCE, HEADER = range(2) |
| |
| |
| # This holds information about each type of output file dtoc can create |
| # type: Type of file (Ftype) |
| # fname: Filename excluding directory, e.g. 'dt-plat.c' |
| # hdr_comment: Comment explaining the purpose of the file |
| OutputFile = collections.namedtuple('OutputFile', |
| ['ftype', 'fname', 'method', 'hdr_comment']) |
| |
| # This holds information about a property which includes phandles. |
| # |
| # max_args: integer: Maximum number or arguments that any phandle uses (int). |
| # args: Number of args for each phandle in the property. The total number of |
| # phandles is len(args). This is a list of integers. |
| PhandleInfo = collections.namedtuple('PhandleInfo', ['max_args', 'args']) |
| |
| # Holds a single phandle link, allowing a C struct value to be assigned to point |
| # to a device |
| # |
| # var_node: C variable to assign (e.g. 'dtv_mmc.clocks[0].node') |
| # dev_name: Name of device to assign to (e.g. 'clock') |
| PhandleLink = collections.namedtuple('PhandleLink', ['var_node', 'dev_name']) |
| |
| |
| def tab_to(num_tabs, line): |
| """Append tabs to a line of text to reach a tab stop. |
| |
| Args: |
| num_tabs (int): Tab stop to obtain (0 = column 0, 1 = column 8, etc.) |
| line (str): Line of text to append to |
| |
| Returns: |
| str: line with the correct number of tabs appeneded. If the line already |
| extends past that tab stop then a single space is appended. |
| """ |
| if len(line) >= num_tabs * 8: |
| return line + ' ' |
| return line + '\t' * (num_tabs - len(line) // 8) |
| |
| def get_value(ftype, value): |
| """Get a value as a C expression |
| |
| For integers this returns a byte-swapped (little-endian) hex string |
| For bytes this returns a hex string, e.g. 0x12 |
| For strings this returns a literal string enclosed in quotes |
| For booleans this return 'true' |
| |
| Args: |
| ftype (fdt.Type): Data type (fdt_util) |
| value (bytes): Data value, as a string of bytes |
| |
| Returns: |
| str: String representation of the value |
| """ |
| if ftype == fdt.Type.INT: |
| val = '%#x' % fdt_util.fdt32_to_cpu(value) |
| elif ftype == fdt.Type.BYTE: |
| char = value[0] |
| val = '%#x' % (ord(char) if isinstance(char, str) else char) |
| elif ftype == fdt.Type.STRING: |
| # Handle evil ACPI backslashes by adding another backslash before them. |
| # So "\\_SB.GPO0" in the device tree effectively stays like that in C |
| val = '"%s"' % value.replace('\\', '\\\\') |
| elif ftype == fdt.Type.BOOL: |
| val = 'true' |
| else: # ftype == fdt.Type.INT64: |
| val = '%#x' % value |
| return val |
| |
| |
| class DtbPlatdata(): |
| """Provide a means to convert device tree binary data to platform data |
| |
| The output of this process is C structures which can be used in space- |
| constrained encvironments where the ~3KB code overhead of device tree |
| code is not affordable. |
| |
| Properties: |
| _scan: Scan object, for scanning and reporting on useful information |
| from the U-Boot source code |
| _fdt: Fdt object, referencing the device tree |
| _dtb_fname: Filename of the input device tree binary file |
| _valid_nodes: A list of Node object with compatible strings. The list |
| is ordered by conv_name_to_c(node.name) |
| _include_disabled: true to include nodes marked status = "disabled" |
| _outfile: The current output file (sys.stdout or a real file) |
| _lines: Stashed list of output lines for outputting in the future |
| _dirname: Directory to hold output files, or None for none (all files |
| go to stdout) |
| _struct_data (dict): OrderedDict of dtplat structures to output |
| key (str): Node name, as a C identifier |
| value: dict containing structure fields: |
| key (str): Field name |
| value: Prop object with field information |
| _basedir (str): Base directory of source tree |
| """ |
| def __init__(self, scan, dtb_fname, include_disabled): |
| self._scan = scan |
| self._fdt = None |
| self._dtb_fname = dtb_fname |
| self._valid_nodes = None |
| self._include_disabled = include_disabled |
| self._outfile = None |
| self._lines = [] |
| self._dirnames = [None] * len(Ftype) |
| self._struct_data = collections.OrderedDict() |
| self._basedir = None |
| |
| def setup_output_dirs(self, output_dirs): |
| """Set up the output directories |
| |
| This should be done before setup_output() is called |
| |
| Args: |
| output_dirs (tuple of str): |
| Directory to use for C output files. |
| Use None to write files relative current directory |
| Directory to use for H output files. |
| Defaults to the C output dir |
| """ |
| def process_dir(ftype, dirname): |
| if dirname: |
| os.makedirs(dirname, exist_ok=True) |
| self._dirnames[ftype] = dirname |
| |
| if output_dirs: |
| c_dirname = output_dirs[0] |
| h_dirname = output_dirs[1] if len(output_dirs) > 1 else c_dirname |
| process_dir(Ftype.SOURCE, c_dirname) |
| process_dir(Ftype.HEADER, h_dirname) |
| |
| def setup_output(self, ftype, fname): |
| """Set up the output destination |
| |
| Once this is done, future calls to self.out() will output to this |
| file. The file used is as follows: |
| |
| self._dirnames[ftype] is None: output to fname, or stdout if None |
| self._dirnames[ftype] is not None: output to fname in that directory |
| |
| Calling this function multiple times will close the old file and open |
| the new one. If they are the same file, nothing happens and output will |
| continue to the same file. |
| |
| Args: |
| ftype (str): Type of file to create ('c' or 'h') |
| fname (str): Filename to send output to. If there is a directory in |
| self._dirnames for this file type, it will be put in that |
| directory |
| """ |
| dirname = self._dirnames[ftype] |
| if dirname: |
| pathname = os.path.join(dirname, fname) |
| if self._outfile: |
| self._outfile.close() |
| self._outfile = open(pathname, 'w') |
| elif fname: |
| if not self._outfile: |
| self._outfile = open(fname, 'w') |
| else: |
| self._outfile = sys.stdout |
| |
| def finish_output(self): |
| """Finish outputing to a file |
| |
| This closes the output file, if one is in use |
| """ |
| if self._outfile != sys.stdout: |
| self._outfile.close() |
| |
| def out(self, line): |
| """Output a string to the output file |
| |
| Args: |
| line (str): String to output |
| """ |
| self._outfile.write(line) |
| |
| def buf(self, line): |
| """Buffer up a string to send later |
| |
| Args: |
| line (str): String to add to our 'buffer' list |
| """ |
| self._lines.append(line) |
| |
| def get_buf(self): |
| """Get the contents of the output buffer, and clear it |
| |
| Returns: |
| list(str): The output buffer, which is then cleared for future use |
| """ |
| lines = self._lines |
| self._lines = [] |
| return lines |
| |
| def out_header(self, outfile): |
| """Output a message indicating that this is an auto-generated file |
| |
| Args: |
| outfile: OutputFile describing the file being generated |
| """ |
| self.out('''/* |
| * DO NOT MODIFY |
| * |
| * %s. |
| * This was generated by dtoc from a .dtb (device tree binary) file. |
| */ |
| |
| ''' % outfile.hdr_comment) |
| |
| def get_phandle_argc(self, prop, node_name): |
| """Check if a node contains phandles |
| |
| We have no reliable way of detecting whether a node uses a phandle |
| or not. As an interim measure, use a list of known property names. |
| |
| Args: |
| prop (fdt.Prop): Prop object to check |
| node_name (str): Node name, only used for raising an error |
| Returns: |
| int or None: Number of argument cells is this is a phandle, |
| else None |
| Raises: |
| ValueError: if the phandle cannot be parsed or the required property |
| is not present |
| """ |
| if prop.name in ['clocks', 'cd-gpios']: |
| if not isinstance(prop.value, list): |
| prop.value = [prop.value] |
| val = prop.value |
| i = 0 |
| |
| max_args = 0 |
| args = [] |
| while i < len(val): |
| phandle = fdt_util.fdt32_to_cpu(val[i]) |
| # If we get to the end of the list, stop. This can happen |
| # since some nodes have more phandles in the list than others, |
| # but we allocate enough space for the largest list. So those |
| # nodes with shorter lists end up with zeroes at the end. |
| if not phandle: |
| break |
| target = self._fdt.phandle_to_node.get(phandle) |
| if not target: |
| raise ValueError("Cannot parse '%s' in node '%s'" % |
| (prop.name, node_name)) |
| cells = None |
| for prop_name in ['#clock-cells', '#gpio-cells']: |
| cells = target.props.get(prop_name) |
| if cells: |
| break |
| if not cells: |
| raise ValueError("Node '%s' has no cells property" % |
| (target.name)) |
| num_args = fdt_util.fdt32_to_cpu(cells.value) |
| max_args = max(max_args, num_args) |
| args.append(num_args) |
| i += 1 + num_args |
| return PhandleInfo(max_args, args) |
| return None |
| |
| def scan_dtb(self): |
| """Scan the device tree to obtain a tree of nodes and properties |
| |
| Once this is done, self._fdt.GetRoot() can be called to obtain the |
| device tree root node, and progress from there. |
| """ |
| self._fdt = fdt.FdtScan(self._dtb_fname) |
| |
| def scan_node(self, root, valid_nodes): |
| """Scan a node and subnodes to build a tree of node and phandle info |
| |
| This adds each node to self._valid_nodes. |
| |
| Args: |
| root (Node): Root node for scan |
| valid_nodes (list of Node): List of Node objects to add to |
| """ |
| for node in root.subnodes: |
| if 'compatible' in node.props: |
| status = node.props.get('status') |
| if (not self._include_disabled and not status or |
| status.value != 'disabled'): |
| valid_nodes.append(node) |
| |
| # recurse to handle any subnodes |
| self.scan_node(node, valid_nodes) |
| |
| def scan_tree(self): |
| """Scan the device tree for useful information |
| |
| This fills in the following properties: |
| _valid_nodes: A list of nodes we wish to consider include in the |
| platform data |
| """ |
| valid_nodes = [] |
| self.scan_node(self._fdt.GetRoot(), valid_nodes) |
| self._valid_nodes = sorted(valid_nodes, |
| key=lambda x: conv_name_to_c(x.name)) |
| for idx, node in enumerate(self._valid_nodes): |
| node.idx = idx |
| |
| @staticmethod |
| def get_num_cells(node): |
| """Get the number of cells in addresses and sizes for this node |
| |
| Args: |
| node (fdt.None): Node to check |
| |
| Returns: |
| Tuple: |
| Number of address cells for this node |
| Number of size cells for this node |
| """ |
| parent = node.parent |
| num_addr, num_size = 2, 2 |
| if parent: |
| addr_prop = parent.props.get('#address-cells') |
| size_prop = parent.props.get('#size-cells') |
| if addr_prop: |
| num_addr = fdt_util.fdt32_to_cpu(addr_prop.value) |
| if size_prop: |
| num_size = fdt_util.fdt32_to_cpu(size_prop.value) |
| return num_addr, num_size |
| |
| def scan_reg_sizes(self): |
| """Scan for 64-bit 'reg' properties and update the values |
| |
| This finds 'reg' properties with 64-bit data and converts the value to |
| an array of 64-values. This allows it to be output in a way that the |
| C code can read. |
| """ |
| for node in self._valid_nodes: |
| reg = node.props.get('reg') |
| if not reg: |
| continue |
| num_addr, num_size = self.get_num_cells(node) |
| total = num_addr + num_size |
| |
| if reg.type != fdt.Type.INT: |
| raise ValueError("Node '%s' reg property is not an int" % |
| node.name) |
| if len(reg.value) % total: |
| raise ValueError( |
| "Node '%s' reg property has %d cells " |
| 'which is not a multiple of na + ns = %d + %d)' % |
| (node.name, len(reg.value), num_addr, num_size)) |
| reg.num_addr = num_addr |
| reg.num_size = num_size |
| if num_addr != 1 or num_size != 1: |
| reg.type = fdt.Type.INT64 |
| i = 0 |
| new_value = [] |
| val = reg.value |
| if not isinstance(val, list): |
| val = [val] |
| while i < len(val): |
| addr = fdt_util.fdt_cells_to_cpu(val[i:], reg.num_addr) |
| i += num_addr |
| size = fdt_util.fdt_cells_to_cpu(val[i:], reg.num_size) |
| i += num_size |
| new_value += [addr, size] |
| reg.value = new_value |
| |
| def scan_structs(self): |
| """Scan the device tree building up the C structures we will use. |
| |
| Build a dict keyed by C struct name containing a dict of Prop |
| object for each struct field (keyed by property name). Where the |
| same struct appears multiple times, try to use the 'widest' |
| property, i.e. the one with a type which can express all others. |
| |
| Once the widest property is determined, all other properties are |
| updated to match that width. |
| |
| The results are written to self._struct_data |
| """ |
| structs = self._struct_data |
| for node in self._valid_nodes: |
| node_name, _ = self._scan.get_normalized_compat_name(node) |
| fields = {} |
| |
| # Get a list of all the valid properties in this node. |
| for name, prop in node.props.items(): |
| if name not in PROP_IGNORE_LIST and name[0] != '#': |
| fields[name] = copy.deepcopy(prop) |
| |
| # If we've seen this node_name before, update the existing struct. |
| if node_name in structs: |
| struct = structs[node_name] |
| for name, prop in fields.items(): |
| oldprop = struct.get(name) |
| if oldprop: |
| oldprop.Widen(prop) |
| else: |
| struct[name] = prop |
| |
| # Otherwise store this as a new struct. |
| else: |
| structs[node_name] = fields |
| |
| for node in self._valid_nodes: |
| node_name, _ = self._scan.get_normalized_compat_name(node) |
| struct = structs[node_name] |
| for name, prop in node.props.items(): |
| if name not in PROP_IGNORE_LIST and name[0] != '#': |
| prop.Widen(struct[name]) |
| |
| def scan_phandles(self): |
| """Figure out what phandles each node uses |
| |
| We need to be careful when outputing nodes that use phandles since |
| they must come after the declaration of the phandles in the C file. |
| Otherwise we get a compiler error since the phandle struct is not yet |
| declared. |
| |
| This function adds to each node a list of phandle nodes that the node |
| depends on. This allows us to output things in the right order. |
| """ |
| for node in self._valid_nodes: |
| node.phandles = set() |
| for pname, prop in node.props.items(): |
| if pname in PROP_IGNORE_LIST or pname[0] == '#': |
| continue |
| info = self.get_phandle_argc(prop, node.name) |
| if info: |
| # Process the list as pairs of (phandle, id) |
| pos = 0 |
| for args in info.args: |
| phandle_cell = prop.value[pos] |
| phandle = fdt_util.fdt32_to_cpu(phandle_cell) |
| target_node = self._fdt.phandle_to_node[phandle] |
| node.phandles.add(target_node) |
| pos += 1 + args |
| |
| |
| def generate_structs(self): |
| """Generate struct defintions for the platform data |
| |
| This writes out the body of a header file consisting of structure |
| definitions for node in self._valid_nodes. See the documentation in |
| doc/driver-model/of-plat.rst for more information. |
| """ |
| structs = self._struct_data |
| self.out('#include <stdbool.h>\n') |
| self.out('#include <linux/libfdt.h>\n') |
| |
| # Output the struct definition |
| for name in sorted(structs): |
| self.out('struct %s%s {\n' % (STRUCT_PREFIX, name)) |
| for pname in sorted(structs[name]): |
| prop = structs[name][pname] |
| info = self.get_phandle_argc(prop, structs[name]) |
| if info: |
| # For phandles, include a reference to the target |
| struct_name = 'struct phandle_%d_arg' % info.max_args |
| self.out('\t%s%s[%d]' % (tab_to(2, struct_name), |
| conv_name_to_c(prop.name), |
| len(info.args))) |
| else: |
| ptype = TYPE_NAMES[prop.type] |
| self.out('\t%s%s' % (tab_to(2, ptype), |
| conv_name_to_c(prop.name))) |
| if isinstance(prop.value, list): |
| self.out('[%d]' % len(prop.value)) |
| self.out(';\n') |
| self.out('};\n') |
| |
| def _output_list(self, node, prop): |
| """Output the C code for a devicetree property that holds a list |
| |
| Args: |
| node (fdt.Node): Node to output |
| prop (fdt.Prop): Prop to output |
| """ |
| self.buf('{') |
| vals = [] |
| # For phandles, output a reference to the platform data |
| # of the target node. |
| info = self.get_phandle_argc(prop, node.name) |
| if info: |
| # Process the list as pairs of (phandle, id) |
| pos = 0 |
| for args in info.args: |
| phandle_cell = prop.value[pos] |
| phandle = fdt_util.fdt32_to_cpu(phandle_cell) |
| target_node = self._fdt.phandle_to_node[phandle] |
| arg_values = [] |
| for i in range(args): |
| arg_values.append( |
| str(fdt_util.fdt32_to_cpu(prop.value[pos + 1 + i]))) |
| pos += 1 + args |
| vals.append('\t{%d, {%s}}' % (target_node.idx, |
| ', '.join(arg_values))) |
| for val in vals: |
| self.buf('\n\t\t%s,' % val) |
| else: |
| for val in prop.value: |
| vals.append(get_value(prop.type, val)) |
| |
| # Put 8 values per line to avoid very long lines. |
| for i in range(0, len(vals), 8): |
| if i: |
| self.buf(',\n\t\t') |
| self.buf(', '.join(vals[i:i + 8])) |
| self.buf('}') |
| |
| def _declare_device(self, var_name, struct_name, node_parent): |
| """Add a device declaration to the output |
| |
| This declares a U_BOOT_DRVINFO() for the device being processed |
| |
| Args: |
| var_name (str): C name for the node |
| struct_name (str): Name for the dt struct associated with the node |
| node_parent (Node): Parent of the node (or None if none) |
| """ |
| self.buf('U_BOOT_DRVINFO(%s) = {\n' % var_name) |
| self.buf('\t.name\t\t= "%s",\n' % struct_name) |
| self.buf('\t.plat\t= &%s%s,\n' % (VAL_PREFIX, var_name)) |
| self.buf('\t.plat_size\t= sizeof(%s%s),\n' % (VAL_PREFIX, var_name)) |
| idx = -1 |
| if node_parent and node_parent in self._valid_nodes: |
| idx = node_parent.idx |
| self.buf('\t.parent_idx\t= %d,\n' % idx) |
| self.buf('};\n') |
| self.buf('\n') |
| |
| def _output_prop(self, node, prop): |
| """Output a line containing the value of a struct member |
| |
| Args: |
| node (Node): Node being output |
| prop (Prop): Prop object to output |
| """ |
| if prop.name in PROP_IGNORE_LIST or prop.name[0] == '#': |
| return |
| member_name = conv_name_to_c(prop.name) |
| self.buf('\t%s= ' % tab_to(3, '.' + member_name)) |
| |
| # Special handling for lists |
| if isinstance(prop.value, list): |
| self._output_list(node, prop) |
| else: |
| self.buf(get_value(prop.type, prop.value)) |
| self.buf(',\n') |
| |
| def _output_values(self, var_name, struct_name, node): |
| """Output the definition of a device's struct values |
| |
| Args: |
| var_name (str): C name for the node |
| struct_name (str): Name for the dt struct associated with the node |
| node (Node): Node being output |
| """ |
| self.buf('static struct %s%s %s%s = {\n' % |
| (STRUCT_PREFIX, struct_name, VAL_PREFIX, var_name)) |
| for pname in sorted(node.props): |
| self._output_prop(node, node.props[pname]) |
| self.buf('};\n') |
| |
| def output_node(self, node): |
| """Output the C code for a node |
| |
| Args: |
| node (fdt.Node): node to output |
| """ |
| struct_name, _ = self._scan.get_normalized_compat_name(node) |
| var_name = conv_name_to_c(node.name) |
| self.buf('/* Node %s index %d */\n' % (node.path, node.idx)) |
| |
| self._output_values(var_name, struct_name, node) |
| self._declare_device(var_name, struct_name, node.parent) |
| |
| self.out(''.join(self.get_buf())) |
| |
| def generate_plat(self): |
| """Generate device defintions for the platform data |
| |
| This writes out C platform data initialisation data and |
| U_BOOT_DRVINFO() declarations for each valid node. Where a node has |
| multiple compatible strings, a #define is used to make them equivalent. |
| |
| See the documentation in doc/driver-model/of-plat.rst for more |
| information. |
| """ |
| self.out('/* Allow use of U_BOOT_DRVINFO() in this file */\n') |
| self.out('#define DT_PLAT_C\n') |
| self.out('\n') |
| self.out('#include <common.h>\n') |
| self.out('#include <dm.h>\n') |
| self.out('#include <dt-structs.h>\n') |
| self.out('\n') |
| |
| for node in self._valid_nodes: |
| self.output_node(node) |
| |
| self.out(''.join(self.get_buf())) |
| |
| |
| # Types of output file we understand |
| # key: Command used to generate this file |
| # value: OutputFile for this command |
| OUTPUT_FILES = { |
| 'struct': |
| OutputFile(Ftype.HEADER, 'dt-structs-gen.h', |
| DtbPlatdata.generate_structs, |
| 'Defines the structs used to hold devicetree data'), |
| 'platdata': |
| OutputFile(Ftype.SOURCE, 'dt-plat.c', DtbPlatdata.generate_plat, |
| 'Declares the U_BOOT_DRIVER() records and platform data'), |
| } |
| |
| |
| def run_steps(args, dtb_file, include_disabled, output, output_dirs, |
| warning_disabled=False, drivers_additional=None, basedir=None): |
| """Run all the steps of the dtoc tool |
| |
| Args: |
| args (list): List of non-option arguments provided to the problem |
| dtb_file (str): Filename of dtb file to process |
| include_disabled (bool): True to include disabled nodes |
| output (str): Name of output file (None for stdout) |
| output_dirs (tuple of str): |
| Directory to put C output files |
| Directory to put H output files |
| warning_disabled (bool): True to avoid showing warnings about missing |
| drivers |
| drivers_additional (list): List of additional drivers to use during |
| scanning |
| basedir (str): Base directory of U-Boot source code. Defaults to the |
| grandparent of this file's directory |
| Raises: |
| ValueError: if args has no command, or an unknown command |
| """ |
| if not args: |
| raise ValueError('Please specify a command: struct, platdata, all') |
| if output and output_dirs and any(output_dirs): |
| raise ValueError('Must specify either output or output_dirs, not both') |
| |
| scan = src_scan.Scanner(basedir, warning_disabled, drivers_additional) |
| plat = DtbPlatdata(scan, dtb_file, include_disabled) |
| scan.scan_drivers() |
| plat.scan_dtb() |
| plat.scan_tree() |
| plat.scan_reg_sizes() |
| plat.setup_output_dirs(output_dirs) |
| plat.scan_structs() |
| plat.scan_phandles() |
| |
| cmds = args[0].split(',') |
| if 'all' in cmds: |
| cmds = sorted(OUTPUT_FILES.keys()) |
| for cmd in cmds: |
| outfile = OUTPUT_FILES.get(cmd) |
| if not outfile: |
| raise ValueError("Unknown command '%s': (use: %s)" % |
| (cmd, ', '.join(sorted(OUTPUT_FILES.keys())))) |
| plat.setup_output(outfile.ftype, |
| outfile.fname if output_dirs else output) |
| plat.out_header(outfile) |
| outfile.method(plat) |
| plat.finish_output() |