| # Copyright (c) 2013 The Chromium OS Authors. |
| # |
| # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+ |
| # |
| |
| (Please read 'How to change from MAKEALL' if you are used to that tool) |
| |
| What is this? |
| ============= |
| |
| This tool handles building U-Boot to check that you have not broken it |
| with your patch series. It can build each individual commit and report |
| which boards fail on which commits, and which errors come up. It aims |
| to make full use of multi-processor machines. |
| |
| A key feature of buildman is its output summary, which allows warnings, |
| errors or image size increases in a particular commit or board to be |
| quickly identified and the offending commit pinpointed. This can be a big |
| help for anyone working with >10 patches at a time. |
| |
| |
| Caveats |
| ======= |
| |
| Buildman is still in its infancy. It is already a very useful tool, but |
| expect to find problems and send patches. |
| |
| Buildman can be stopped and restarted, in which case it will continue |
| where it left off. This should happen cleanly and without side-effects. |
| If not, it is a bug, for which a patch would be welcome. |
| |
| Buildman gets so tied up in its work that it can ignore the outside world. |
| You may need to press Ctrl-C several times to quit it. Also it will print |
| out various exceptions when stopped. |
| |
| |
| Theory of Operation |
| =================== |
| |
| (please read this section in full twice or you will be perpetually confused) |
| |
| Buildman is a builder. It is not make, although it runs make. It does not |
| produce any useful output on the terminal while building, except for |
| progress information (except with -v, see below). All the output (errors, |
| warnings and binaries if you ask for them) is stored in output |
| directories, which you can look at while the build is progressing, or when |
| it is finished. |
| |
| Buildman produces a concise summary of which boards succeeded and failed. |
| It shows which commit introduced which board failure using a simple |
| red/green colour coding. Full error information can be requested, in which |
| case it is de-duped and displayed against the commit that introduced the |
| error. An example workflow is below. |
| |
| Buildman stores image size information and can report changes in image size |
| from commit to commit. An example of this is below. |
| |
| Buildman starts multiple threads, and each thread builds for one board at |
| a time. A thread starts at the first commit, configures the source for your |
| board and builds it. Then it checks out the next commit and does an |
| incremental build. Eventually the thread reaches the last commit and stops. |
| If errors or warnings are found along the way, the thread will reconfigure |
| after every commit, and your build will be very slow. This is because a |
| file that produces just a warning would not normally be rebuilt in an |
| incremental build. |
| |
| Buildman works in an entirely separate place from your U-Boot repository. |
| It creates a separate working directory for each thread, and puts the |
| output files in the working directory, organised by commit name and board |
| name, in a two-level hierarchy. |
| |
| Buildman is invoked in your U-Boot directory, the one with the .git |
| directory. It clones this repository into a copy for each thread, and the |
| threads do not affect the state of your git repository. Any checkouts done |
| by the thread affect only the working directory for that thread. |
| |
| Buildman automatically selects the correct tool chain for each board. You |
| must supply suitable tool chains, but buildman takes care of selecting the |
| right one. |
| |
| Buildman generally builds a branch (with the -b flag), and in this case |
| builds the upstream commit as well, for comparison. It cannot build |
| individual commits at present, unless (maybe) you point it at an empty |
| branch. Put all your commits in a branch, set the branch's upstream to a |
| valid value, and all will be well. Otherwise buildman will perform random |
| actions. Use -n to check what the random actions might be. |
| |
| If you just want to build the current source tree, leave off the -b flag |
| and add -e. This will display results and errors as they happen. You can |
| still look at them later using -se. Note that buildman will assume that the |
| source has changed, and will build all specified boards in this case. |
| |
| Buildman is optimised for building many commits at once, for many boards. |
| On multi-core machines, Buildman is fast because it uses most of the |
| available CPU power. When it gets to the end, or if you are building just |
| a few commits or boards, it will be pretty slow. As a tip, if you don't |
| plan to use your machine for anything else, you can use -T to increase the |
| number of threads beyond the default. |
| |
| Buildman lets you build all boards, or a subset. Specify the subset by passing |
| command-line arguments that list the desired board name, architecture name, |
| SOC name, or anything else in the boards.cfg file. Multiple arguments are |
| allowed. Each argument will be interpreted as a regular expression, so |
| behaviour is a superset of exact or substring matching. Examples are: |
| |
| * 'tegra20' All boards with a Tegra20 SoC |
| * 'tegra' All boards with any Tegra Soc (Tegra20, Tegra30, Tegra114...) |
| * '^tegra[23]0$' All boards with either Tegra20 or Tegra30 SoC |
| * 'powerpc' All PowerPC boards |
| |
| While the default is to OR the terms together, you can also make use of |
| the '&' operator to limit the selection: |
| |
| * 'freescale & arm sandbox' All Freescale boards with ARM architecture, |
| plus sandbox |
| |
| You can also use -x to specifically exclude some boards. For example: |
| |
| buildmand arm -x nvidia,freescale,.*ball$ |
| |
| means to build all arm boards except nvidia, freescale and anything ending |
| with 'ball'. |
| |
| It is convenient to use the -n option to see what will be built based on |
| the subset given. |
| |
| Buildman does not store intermediate object files. It optionally copies |
| the binary output into a directory when a build is successful. Size |
| information is always recorded. It needs a fair bit of disk space to work, |
| typically 250MB per thread. |
| |
| |
| Setting up |
| ========== |
| |
| 1. Get the U-Boot source. You probably already have it, but if not these |
| steps should get you started with a repo and some commits for testing. |
| |
| $ cd /path/to/u-boot |
| $ git clone git://git.denx.de/u-boot.git . |
| $ git checkout -b my-branch origin/master |
| $ # Add some commits to the branch, reading for testing |
| |
| 2. Create ~/.buildman to tell buildman where to find tool chains. As an |
| example: |
| |
| # Buildman settings file |
| |
| [toolchain] |
| root: / |
| rest: /toolchains/* |
| eldk: /opt/eldk-4.2 |
| arm: /opt/linaro/gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-4.8-2013.08_linux |
| aarch64: /opt/linaro/gcc-linaro-aarch64-none-elf-4.8-2013.10_linux |
| |
| [toolchain-alias] |
| x86: i386 |
| blackfin: bfin |
| sh: sh4 |
| nds32: nds32le |
| openrisc: or32 |
| |
| |
| This selects the available toolchain paths. Add the base directory for |
| each of your toolchains here. Buildman will search inside these directories |
| and also in any '/usr' and '/usr/bin' subdirectories. |
| |
| Make sure the tags (here root: rest: and eldk:) are unique. |
| |
| The toolchain-alias section indicates that the i386 toolchain should be used |
| to build x86 commits. |
| |
| |
| 2. Check the available toolchains |
| |
| Run this check to make sure that you have a toolchain for every architecture. |
| |
| $ ./tools/buildman/buildman --list-tool-chains |
| Scanning for tool chains |
| - scanning path '/' |
| - looking in '/.' |
| - looking in '/bin' |
| - looking in '/usr/bin' |
| - found '/usr/bin/gcc' |
| Tool chain test: OK |
| - found '/usr/bin/c89-gcc' |
| Tool chain test: OK |
| - found '/usr/bin/c99-gcc' |
| Tool chain test: OK |
| - found '/usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' |
| Tool chain test: OK |
| - scanning path '/toolchains/powerpc-linux' |
| - looking in '/toolchains/powerpc-linux/.' |
| - looking in '/toolchains/powerpc-linux/bin' |
| - found '/toolchains/powerpc-linux/bin/powerpc-linux-gcc' |
| Tool chain test: OK |
| - looking in '/toolchains/powerpc-linux/usr/bin' |
| - scanning path '/toolchains/nds32le-linux-glibc-v1f' |
| - looking in '/toolchains/nds32le-linux-glibc-v1f/.' |
| - looking in '/toolchains/nds32le-linux-glibc-v1f/bin' |
| - found '/toolchains/nds32le-linux-glibc-v1f/bin/nds32le-linux-gcc' |
| Tool chain test: OK |
| - looking in '/toolchains/nds32le-linux-glibc-v1f/usr/bin' |
| - scanning path '/toolchains/nios2' |
| - looking in '/toolchains/nios2/.' |
| - looking in '/toolchains/nios2/bin' |
| - found '/toolchains/nios2/bin/nios2-linux-gcc' |
| Tool chain test: OK |
| - found '/toolchains/nios2/bin/nios2-linux-uclibc-gcc' |
| Tool chain test: OK |
| - looking in '/toolchains/nios2/usr/bin' |
| - found '/toolchains/nios2/usr/bin/nios2-linux-gcc' |
| Tool chain test: OK |
| - found '/toolchains/nios2/usr/bin/nios2-linux-uclibc-gcc' |
| Tool chain test: OK |
| - scanning path '/toolchains/microblaze-unknown-linux-gnu' |
| - looking in '/toolchains/microblaze-unknown-linux-gnu/.' |
| - looking in '/toolchains/microblaze-unknown-linux-gnu/bin' |
| - found '/toolchains/microblaze-unknown-linux-gnu/bin/microblaze-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc' |
| Tool chain test: OK |
| - found '/toolchains/microblaze-unknown-linux-gnu/bin/mb-linux-gcc' |
| Tool chain test: OK |
| - looking in '/toolchains/microblaze-unknown-linux-gnu/usr/bin' |
| - scanning path '/toolchains/mips-linux' |
| - looking in '/toolchains/mips-linux/.' |
| - looking in '/toolchains/mips-linux/bin' |
| - found '/toolchains/mips-linux/bin/mips-linux-gcc' |
| Tool chain test: OK |
| - looking in '/toolchains/mips-linux/usr/bin' |
| - scanning path '/toolchains/old' |
| - looking in '/toolchains/old/.' |
| - looking in '/toolchains/old/bin' |
| - looking in '/toolchains/old/usr/bin' |
| - scanning path '/toolchains/i386-linux' |
| - looking in '/toolchains/i386-linux/.' |
| - looking in '/toolchains/i386-linux/bin' |
| - found '/toolchains/i386-linux/bin/i386-linux-gcc' |
| Tool chain test: OK |
| - looking in '/toolchains/i386-linux/usr/bin' |
| - scanning path '/toolchains/bfin-uclinux' |
| - looking in '/toolchains/bfin-uclinux/.' |
| - looking in '/toolchains/bfin-uclinux/bin' |
| - found '/toolchains/bfin-uclinux/bin/bfin-uclinux-gcc' |
| Tool chain test: OK |
| - looking in '/toolchains/bfin-uclinux/usr/bin' |
| - scanning path '/toolchains/sparc-elf' |
| - looking in '/toolchains/sparc-elf/.' |
| - looking in '/toolchains/sparc-elf/bin' |
| - found '/toolchains/sparc-elf/bin/sparc-elf-gcc' |
| Tool chain test: OK |
| - looking in '/toolchains/sparc-elf/usr/bin' |
| - scanning path '/toolchains/arm-2010q1' |
| - looking in '/toolchains/arm-2010q1/.' |
| - looking in '/toolchains/arm-2010q1/bin' |
| - found '/toolchains/arm-2010q1/bin/arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gcc' |
| Tool chain test: OK |
| - looking in '/toolchains/arm-2010q1/usr/bin' |
| - scanning path '/toolchains/from' |
| - looking in '/toolchains/from/.' |
| - looking in '/toolchains/from/bin' |
| - looking in '/toolchains/from/usr/bin' |
| - scanning path '/toolchains/sh4-gentoo-linux-gnu' |
| - looking in '/toolchains/sh4-gentoo-linux-gnu/.' |
| - looking in '/toolchains/sh4-gentoo-linux-gnu/bin' |
| - found '/toolchains/sh4-gentoo-linux-gnu/bin/sh4-gentoo-linux-gnu-gcc' |
| Tool chain test: OK |
| - looking in '/toolchains/sh4-gentoo-linux-gnu/usr/bin' |
| - scanning path '/toolchains/avr32-linux' |
| - looking in '/toolchains/avr32-linux/.' |
| - looking in '/toolchains/avr32-linux/bin' |
| - found '/toolchains/avr32-linux/bin/avr32-gcc' |
| Tool chain test: OK |
| - looking in '/toolchains/avr32-linux/usr/bin' |
| - scanning path '/toolchains/m68k-linux' |
| - looking in '/toolchains/m68k-linux/.' |
| - looking in '/toolchains/m68k-linux/bin' |
| - found '/toolchains/m68k-linux/bin/m68k-linux-gcc' |
| Tool chain test: OK |
| - looking in '/toolchains/m68k-linux/usr/bin' |
| List of available toolchains (17): |
| arm : /toolchains/arm-2010q1/bin/arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gcc |
| avr32 : /toolchains/avr32-linux/bin/avr32-gcc |
| bfin : /toolchains/bfin-uclinux/bin/bfin-uclinux-gcc |
| c89 : /usr/bin/c89-gcc |
| c99 : /usr/bin/c99-gcc |
| i386 : /toolchains/i386-linux/bin/i386-linux-gcc |
| m68k : /toolchains/m68k-linux/bin/m68k-linux-gcc |
| mb : /toolchains/microblaze-unknown-linux-gnu/bin/mb-linux-gcc |
| microblaze: /toolchains/microblaze-unknown-linux-gnu/bin/microblaze-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc |
| mips : /toolchains/mips-linux/bin/mips-linux-gcc |
| nds32le : /toolchains/nds32le-linux-glibc-v1f/bin/nds32le-linux-gcc |
| nios2 : /toolchains/nios2/bin/nios2-linux-gcc |
| powerpc : /toolchains/powerpc-linux/bin/powerpc-linux-gcc |
| sandbox : /usr/bin/gcc |
| sh4 : /toolchains/sh4-gentoo-linux-gnu/bin/sh4-gentoo-linux-gnu-gcc |
| sparc : /toolchains/sparc-elf/bin/sparc-elf-gcc |
| x86_64 : /usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc |
| |
| |
| You can see that everything is covered, even some strange ones that won't |
| be used (c88 and c99). This is a feature. |
| |
| |
| How to run it |
| ============= |
| |
| First do a dry run using the -n flag: (replace <branch> with a real, local |
| branch with a valid upstream) |
| |
| $ ./tools/buildman/buildman -b <branch> -n |
| |
| If it can't detect the upstream branch, try checking out the branch, and |
| doing something like 'git branch --set-upstream-to upstream/master' |
| or something similar. Buildman will try to guess a suitable upstream branch |
| if it can't find one (you will see a message like" Guessing upstream as ...). |
| |
| As an example: |
| |
| Dry run, so not doing much. But I would do this: |
| |
| Building 18 commits for 1059 boards (4 threads, 1 job per thread) |
| Build directory: ../lcd9b |
| 5bb3505 Merge branch 'master' of git://git.denx.de/u-boot-arm |
| c18f1b4 tegra: Use const for pinmux_config_pingroup/table() |
| 2f043ae tegra: Add display support to funcmux |
| e349900 tegra: fdt: Add pwm binding and node |
| 424a5f0 tegra: fdt: Add LCD definitions for Tegra |
| 0636ccf tegra: Add support for PWM |
| a994fe7 tegra: Add SOC support for display/lcd |
| fcd7350 tegra: Add LCD driver |
| 4d46e9d tegra: Add LCD support to Nvidia boards |
| 991bd48 arm: Add control over cachability of memory regions |
| 54e8019 lcd: Add CONFIG_LCD_ALIGNMENT to select frame buffer alignment |
| d92aff7 lcd: Add support for flushing LCD fb from dcache after update |
| dbd0677 tegra: Align LCD frame buffer to section boundary |
| 0cff9b8 tegra: Support control of cache settings for LCD |
| 9c56900 tegra: fdt: Add LCD definitions for Seaboard |
| 5cc29db lcd: Add CONFIG_CONSOLE_SCROLL_LINES option to speed console |
| cac5a23 tegra: Enable display/lcd support on Seaboard |
| 49ff541 wip |
| |
| Total boards to build for each commit: 1059 |
| |
| This shows that it will build all 1059 boards, using 4 threads (because |
| we have a 4-core CPU). Each thread will run with -j1, meaning that each |
| make job will use a single CPU. The list of commits to be built helps you |
| confirm that things look about right. Notice that buildman has chosen a |
| 'base' directory for you, immediately above your source tree. |
| |
| Buildman works entirely inside the base directory, here ../lcd9b, |
| creating a working directory for each thread, and creating output |
| directories for each commit and board. |
| |
| |
| Suggested Workflow |
| ================== |
| |
| To run the build for real, take off the -n: |
| |
| $ ./tools/buildman/buildman -b <branch> |
| |
| Buildman will set up some working directories, and get started. After a |
| minute or so it will settle down to a steady pace, with a display like this: |
| |
| Building 18 commits for 1059 boards (4 threads, 1 job per thread) |
| 528 36 124 /19062 1:13:30 : SIMPC8313_SP |
| |
| This means that it is building 19062 board/commit combinations. So far it |
| has managed to successfully build 528. Another 36 have built with warnings, |
| and 124 more didn't build at all. Buildman expects to complete the process |
| in an hour and 15 minutes. Use this time to buy a faster computer. |
| |
| |
| To find out how the build went, ask for a summary with -s. You can do this |
| either before the build completes (presumably in another terminal) or |
| afterwards. Let's work through an example of how this is used: |
| |
| $ ./tools/buildman/buildman -b lcd9b -s |
| ... |
| 01: Merge branch 'master' of git://git.denx.de/u-boot-arm |
| powerpc: + galaxy5200_LOWBOOT |
| 02: tegra: Use const for pinmux_config_pingroup/table() |
| 03: tegra: Add display support to funcmux |
| 04: tegra: fdt: Add pwm binding and node |
| 05: tegra: fdt: Add LCD definitions for Tegra |
| 06: tegra: Add support for PWM |
| 07: tegra: Add SOC support for display/lcd |
| 08: tegra: Add LCD driver |
| 09: tegra: Add LCD support to Nvidia boards |
| 10: arm: Add control over cachability of memory regions |
| 11: lcd: Add CONFIG_LCD_ALIGNMENT to select frame buffer alignment |
| 12: lcd: Add support for flushing LCD fb from dcache after update |
| arm: + lubbock |
| 13: tegra: Align LCD frame buffer to section boundary |
| 14: tegra: Support control of cache settings for LCD |
| 15: tegra: fdt: Add LCD definitions for Seaboard |
| 16: lcd: Add CONFIG_CONSOLE_SCROLL_LINES option to speed console |
| 17: tegra: Enable display/lcd support on Seaboard |
| 18: wip |
| |
| This shows which commits have succeeded and which have failed. In this case |
| the build is still in progress so many boards are not built yet (use -u to |
| see which ones). But still we can see a few failures. The galaxy5200_LOWBOOT |
| never builds correctly. This could be a problem with our toolchain, or it |
| could be a bug in the upstream. The good news is that we probably don't need |
| to blame our commits. The bad news is it isn't tested on that board. |
| |
| Commit 12 broke lubbock. That's what the '+ lubbock' means. The failure |
| is never fixed by a later commit, or you would see lubbock again, in green, |
| without the +. |
| |
| To see the actual error: |
| |
| $ ./tools/buildman/buildman -b <branch> -se lubbock |
| ... |
| 12: lcd: Add support for flushing LCD fb from dcache after update |
| arm: + lubbock |
| +common/libcommon.o: In function `lcd_sync': |
| +/u-boot/lcd9b/.bm-work/00/common/lcd.c:120: undefined reference to `flush_dcache_range' |
| +arm-none-linux-gnueabi-ld: BFD (Sourcery G++ Lite 2010q1-202) 2.19.51.20090709 assertion fail /scratch/julian/2010q1-release-linux-lite/obj/binutils-src-2010q1-202-arm-none-linux-gnueabi-i686-pc-linux-gnu/bfd/elf32-arm.c:12572 |
| +make: *** [/u-boot/lcd9b/.bm-work/00/build/u-boot] Error 139 |
| 13: tegra: Align LCD frame buffer to section boundary |
| 14: tegra: Support control of cache settings for LCD |
| 15: tegra: fdt: Add LCD definitions for Seaboard |
| 16: lcd: Add CONFIG_CONSOLE_SCROLL_LINES option to speed console |
| -/u-boot/lcd9b/.bm-work/00/common/lcd.c:120: undefined reference to `flush_dcache_range' |
| +/u-boot/lcd9b/.bm-work/00/common/lcd.c:125: undefined reference to `flush_dcache_range' |
| 17: tegra: Enable display/lcd support on Seaboard |
| 18: wip |
| |
| So the problem is in lcd.c, due to missing cache operations. This information |
| should be enough to work out what that commit is doing to break these |
| boards. (In this case pxa did not have cache operations defined). |
| |
| If you see error lines marked with - that means that the errors were fixed |
| by that commit. Sometimes commits can be in the wrong order, so that a |
| breakage is introduced for a few commits and fixed by later commits. This |
| shows up clearly with buildman. You can then reorder the commits and try |
| again. |
| |
| At commit 16, the error moves - you can see that the old error at line 120 |
| is fixed, but there is a new one at line 126. This is probably only because |
| we added some code and moved the broken line further down the file. |
| |
| If many boards have the same error, then -e will display the error only |
| once. This makes the output as concise as possible. To see which boards have |
| each error, use -l. |
| |
| Buildman tries to distinguish warnings from errors, and shows warning lines |
| separately with a 'w' prefix. |
| |
| The full build output in this case is available in: |
| |
| ../lcd9b/12_of_18_gd92aff7_lcd--Add-support-for/lubbock/ |
| |
| done: Indicates the build was done, and holds the return code from make. |
| This is 0 for a good build, typically 2 for a failure. |
| |
| err: Output from stderr, if any. Errors and warnings appear here. |
| |
| log: Output from stdout. Normally there isn't any since buildman runs |
| in silent mode for now. |
| |
| toolchain: Shows information about the toolchain used for the build. |
| |
| sizes: Shows image size information. |
| |
| It is possible to get the build output there also. Use the -k option for |
| this. In that case you will also see some output files, like: |
| |
| System.map toolchain u-boot u-boot.bin u-boot.map autoconf.mk |
| (also SPL versions u-boot-spl and u-boot-spl.bin if available) |
| |
| |
| Checking Image Sizes |
| ==================== |
| |
| A key requirement for U-Boot is that you keep code/data size to a minimum. |
| Where a new feature increases this noticeably it should normally be put |
| behind a CONFIG flag so that boards can leave it off and keep the image |
| size more or less the same with each new release. |
| |
| To check the impact of your commits on image size, use -S. For example: |
| |
| $ ./tools/buildman/buildman -b us-x86 -sS |
| Summary of 10 commits for 1066 boards (4 threads, 1 job per thread) |
| 01: MAKEALL: add support for per architecture toolchains |
| 02: x86: Add function to get top of usable ram |
| x86: (for 1/3 boards) text -272.0 rodata +41.0 |
| 03: x86: Add basic cache operations |
| 04: x86: Permit bootstage and timer data to be used prior to relocation |
| x86: (for 1/3 boards) data +16.0 |
| 05: x86: Add an __end symbol to signal the end of the U-Boot binary |
| x86: (for 1/3 boards) text +76.0 |
| 06: x86: Rearrange the output input to remove BSS |
| x86: (for 1/3 boards) bss -2140.0 |
| 07: x86: Support relocation of FDT on start-up |
| x86: + coreboot-x86 |
| 08: x86: Add error checking to x86 relocation code |
| 09: x86: Adjust link device tree include file |
| 10: x86: Enable CONFIG_OF_CONTROL on coreboot |
| |
| |
| You can see that image size only changed on x86, which is good because this |
| series is not supposed to change any other board. From commit 7 onwards the |
| build fails so we don't get code size numbers. The numbers are fractional |
| because they are an average of all boards for that architecture. The |
| intention is to allow you to quickly find image size problems introduced by |
| your commits. |
| |
| Note that the 'text' region and 'rodata' are split out. You should add the |
| two together to get the total read-only size (reported as the first column |
| in the output from binutil's 'size' utility). |
| |
| A useful option is --step which lets you skip some commits. For example |
| --step 2 will show the image sizes for only every 2nd commit (so it will |
| compare the image sizes of the 1st, 3rd, 5th... commits). You can also use |
| --step 0 which will compare only the first and last commits. This is useful |
| for an overview of how your entire series affects code size. |
| |
| You can also use -d to see a detailed size breakdown for each board. This |
| list is sorted in order from largest growth to largest reduction. |
| |
| It is possible to go a little further with the -B option (--bloat). This |
| shows where U-Boot has bloated, breaking the size change down to the function |
| level. Example output is below: |
| |
| $ ./tools/buildman/buildman -b us-mem4 -sSdB |
| ... |
| 19: Roll crc32 into hash infrastructure |
| arm: (for 10/10 boards) all -143.4 bss +1.2 data -4.8 rodata -48.2 text -91.6 |
| paz00 : all +23 bss -4 rodata -29 text +56 |
| u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 3/-2 bytes: 168/-104 (64) |
| function old new delta |
| hash_command 80 160 +80 |
| crc32_wd_buf - 56 +56 |
| ext4fs_read_file 540 568 +28 |
| insert_var_value_sub 688 692 +4 |
| run_list_real 1996 1992 -4 |
| do_mem_crc 168 68 -100 |
| trimslice : all -9 bss +16 rodata -29 text +4 |
| u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 1/-3 bytes: 136/-124 (12) |
| function old new delta |
| hash_command 80 160 +80 |
| crc32_wd_buf - 56 +56 |
| ext4fs_iterate_dir 672 668 -4 |
| ext4fs_read_file 568 548 -20 |
| do_mem_crc 168 68 -100 |
| whistler : all -9 bss +16 rodata -29 text +4 |
| u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 1/-3 bytes: 136/-124 (12) |
| function old new delta |
| hash_command 80 160 +80 |
| crc32_wd_buf - 56 +56 |
| ext4fs_iterate_dir 672 668 -4 |
| ext4fs_read_file 568 548 -20 |
| do_mem_crc 168 68 -100 |
| seaboard : all -9 bss -28 rodata -29 text +48 |
| u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 3/-2 bytes: 160/-104 (56) |
| function old new delta |
| hash_command 80 160 +80 |
| crc32_wd_buf - 56 +56 |
| ext4fs_read_file 548 568 +20 |
| run_list_real 1996 2000 +4 |
| do_nandboot 760 756 -4 |
| do_mem_crc 168 68 -100 |
| colibri_t20_iris: all -9 rodata -29 text +20 |
| u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 2/-3 bytes: 140/-112 (28) |
| function old new delta |
| hash_command 80 160 +80 |
| crc32_wd_buf - 56 +56 |
| read_abs_bbt 204 208 +4 |
| do_nandboot 760 756 -4 |
| ext4fs_read_file 576 568 -8 |
| do_mem_crc 168 68 -100 |
| ventana : all -37 bss -12 rodata -29 text +4 |
| u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 1/-3 bytes: 136/-124 (12) |
| function old new delta |
| hash_command 80 160 +80 |
| crc32_wd_buf - 56 +56 |
| ext4fs_iterate_dir 672 668 -4 |
| ext4fs_read_file 568 548 -20 |
| do_mem_crc 168 68 -100 |
| harmony : all -37 bss -16 rodata -29 text +8 |
| u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 2/-3 bytes: 140/-124 (16) |
| function old new delta |
| hash_command 80 160 +80 |
| crc32_wd_buf - 56 +56 |
| nand_write_oob_syndrome 428 432 +4 |
| ext4fs_iterate_dir 672 668 -4 |
| ext4fs_read_file 568 548 -20 |
| do_mem_crc 168 68 -100 |
| medcom-wide : all -417 bss +28 data -16 rodata -93 text -336 |
| u-boot: add: 1/-1, grow: 1/-2 bytes: 88/-376 (-288) |
| function old new delta |
| crc32_wd_buf - 56 +56 |
| do_fat_read_at 2872 2904 +32 |
| hash_algo 16 - -16 |
| do_mem_crc 168 68 -100 |
| hash_command 420 160 -260 |
| tec : all -449 bss -4 data -16 rodata -93 text -336 |
| u-boot: add: 1/-1, grow: 1/-2 bytes: 88/-376 (-288) |
| function old new delta |
| crc32_wd_buf - 56 +56 |
| do_fat_read_at 2872 2904 +32 |
| hash_algo 16 - -16 |
| do_mem_crc 168 68 -100 |
| hash_command 420 160 -260 |
| plutux : all -481 bss +16 data -16 rodata -93 text -388 |
| u-boot: add: 1/-1, grow: 1/-3 bytes: 68/-408 (-340) |
| function old new delta |
| crc32_wd_buf - 56 +56 |
| do_load_serial_bin 1688 1700 +12 |
| hash_algo 16 - -16 |
| do_fat_read_at 2904 2872 -32 |
| do_mem_crc 168 68 -100 |
| hash_command 420 160 -260 |
| powerpc: (for 5/5 boards) all +37.4 data -3.2 rodata -41.8 text +82.4 |
| MPC8610HPCD : all +55 rodata -29 text +84 |
| u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 0/-1 bytes: 176/-96 (80) |
| function old new delta |
| hash_command - 176 +176 |
| do_mem_crc 184 88 -96 |
| MPC8641HPCN : all +55 rodata -29 text +84 |
| u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 0/-1 bytes: 176/-96 (80) |
| function old new delta |
| hash_command - 176 +176 |
| do_mem_crc 184 88 -96 |
| MPC8641HPCN_36BIT: all +55 rodata -29 text +84 |
| u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 0/-1 bytes: 176/-96 (80) |
| function old new delta |
| hash_command - 176 +176 |
| do_mem_crc 184 88 -96 |
| sbc8641d : all +55 rodata -29 text +84 |
| u-boot: add: 1/0, grow: 0/-1 bytes: 176/-96 (80) |
| function old new delta |
| hash_command - 176 +176 |
| do_mem_crc 184 88 -96 |
| xpedite517x : all -33 data -16 rodata -93 text +76 |
| u-boot: add: 1/-1, grow: 0/-1 bytes: 176/-112 (64) |
| function old new delta |
| hash_command - 176 +176 |
| hash_algo 16 - -16 |
| do_mem_crc 184 88 -96 |
| ... |
| |
| |
| This shows that commit 19 has increased text size for arm (although only one |
| board was built) and by 96 bytes for powerpc. This increase was offset in both |
| cases by reductions in rodata and data/bss. |
| |
| Shown below the summary lines are the sizes for each board. Below each board |
| are the sizes for each function. This information starts with: |
| |
| add - number of functions added / removed |
| grow - number of functions which grew / shrunk |
| bytes - number of bytes of code added to / removed from all functions, |
| plus the total byte change in brackets |
| |
| The change seems to be that hash_command() has increased by more than the |
| do_mem_crc() function has decreased. The function sizes typically add up to |
| roughly the text area size, but note that every read-only section except |
| rodata is included in 'text', so the function total does not exactly |
| correspond. |
| |
| It is common when refactoring code for the rodata to decrease as the text size |
| increases, and vice versa. |
| |
| |
| Providing 'make' flags |
| ====================== |
| |
| U-Boot's build system supports a few flags (such as BUILD_TAG) which affect |
| the build product. These flags can be specified in the buildman settings |
| file. They can also be useful when building U-Boot against other open source |
| software. |
| |
| [make-flags] |
| at91-boards=ENABLE_AT91_TEST=1 |
| snapper9260=${at91-boards} BUILD_TAG=442 |
| snapper9g45=${at91-boards} BUILD_TAG=443 |
| |
| This will use 'make ENABLE_AT91_TEST=1 BUILD_TAG=442' for snapper9260 |
| and 'make ENABLE_AT91_TEST=1 BUILD_TAG=443' for snapper9g45. A special |
| variable ${target} is available to access the target name (snapper9260 and |
| snapper9g20 in this case). Variables are resolved recursively. Note that |
| variables can only contain the characters A-Z, a-z, 0-9, hyphen (-) and |
| underscore (_). |
| |
| It is expected that any variables added are dealt with in U-Boot's |
| config.mk file and documented in the README. |
| |
| |
| Quick Sanity Check |
| ================== |
| |
| If you have made changes and want to do a quick sanity check of the |
| currently checked-out source, run buildman without the -b flag. This will |
| build the selected boards and display build status as it runs (i.e. -v is |
| enabled automatically). Use -e to see errors/warnings as well. |
| |
| |
| Other options |
| ============= |
| |
| Buildman has various other command line options. Try --help to see them. |
| |
| When doing builds, Buildman's return code will reflect the overall result: |
| |
| 0 (success) No errors or warnings found |
| 128 Errors found |
| 129 Warnings found |
| |
| |
| How to change from MAKEALL |
| ========================== |
| |
| Buildman includes most of the features of MAKEALL and is generally faster |
| and easier to use. In particular it builds entire branches: if a particular |
| commit introduces an error in a particular board, buildman can easily show |
| you this, even if a later commit fixes that error. |
| |
| The reasons to deprecate MAKEALL are: |
| - We don't want to maintain two build systems |
| - Buildman is typically faster |
| - Buildman has a lot more features |
| |
| But still, many people will be sad to lose MAKEALL. If you are used to |
| MAKEALL, here are a few pointers. |
| |
| First you need to set up your tool chains - see the 'Setting up' section |
| for details. Once you have your required toolchain(s) detected then you are |
| ready to go. |
| |
| To build the current source tree, run buildman without a -b flag: |
| |
| ./tools/buildman/buildman <list of things to build> |
| |
| This will build the current source tree for the given boards and display |
| the results and errors. |
| |
| However buildman usually works on entire branches, and for that you must |
| specify a board flag: |
| |
| ./tools/buildman/buildman -b <branch_name> <list of things to build> |
| |
| followed by (afterwards, or perhaps concurrently in another terminal): |
| |
| ./tools/buildman/buildman -b <branch_name> -s <list of things to build> |
| |
| to see the results of the build. Rather than showing you all the output, |
| buildman just shows a summary, with red indicating that a commit introduced |
| an error and green indicating that a commit fixed an error. Use the -e |
| flag to see the full errors and -l to see which boards caused which errors. |
| |
| If you really want to see build results as they happen, use -v when doing a |
| build (and -e to see the errors/warnings too). |
| |
| You don't need to stick around on that branch while buildman is running. It |
| checks out its own copy of the source code, so you can change branches, |
| add commits, etc. without affecting the build in progress. |
| |
| The <list of things to build> can include board names, architectures or the |
| like. There are no flags to disambiguate since ambiguities are rare. Using |
| the examples from MAKEALL: |
| |
| Examples: |
| - build all Power Architecture boards: |
| MAKEALL -a powerpc |
| MAKEALL --arch powerpc |
| MAKEALL powerpc |
| ** buildman -b <branch> powerpc |
| - build all PowerPC boards manufactured by vendor "esd": |
| MAKEALL -a powerpc -v esd |
| ** buildman -b <branch> esd |
| - build all PowerPC boards manufactured either by "keymile" or "siemens": |
| MAKEALL -a powerpc -v keymile -v siemens |
| ** buildman -b <branch> keymile siemens |
| - build all Freescale boards with MPC83xx CPUs, plus all 4xx boards: |
| MAKEALL -c mpc83xx -v freescale 4xx |
| ** buildman -b <branch> mpc83xx freescale 4xx |
| |
| Buildman automatically tries to use all the CPUs in your machine. If you |
| are building a lot of boards it will use one thread for every CPU core |
| it detects in your machine. This is like MAKEALL's BUILD_NBUILDS option. |
| You can use the -T flag to change the number of threads. If you are only |
| building a few boards, buildman will automatically run make with the -j |
| flag to increase the number of concurrent make tasks. It isn't normally |
| that helpful to fiddle with this option, but if you use the BUILD_NCPUS |
| option in MAKEALL then -j is the equivalent in buildman. |
| |
| Buildman puts its output in ../<branch_name> by default but you can change |
| this with the -o option. Buildman normally does out-of-tree builds: use -i |
| to disable that if you really want to. But be careful that once you have |
| used -i you pollute buildman's copies of the source tree, and you will need |
| to remove the build directory (normally ../<branch_name>) to run buildman |
| in normal mode (without -i). |
| |
| Buildman doesn't keep the output result normally, but use the -k option to |
| do this. |
| |
| Please read 'Theory of Operation' a few times as it will make a lot of |
| things clearer. |
| |
| Some options you might like are: |
| |
| -B shows which functions are growing/shrinking in which commit - great |
| for finding code bloat. |
| -S shows image sizes for each commit (just an overall summary) |
| -u shows boards that you haven't built yet |
| --step 0 will build just the upstream commit and the last commit of your |
| branch. This is often a quick sanity check that your branch doesn't |
| break anything. But note this does not check bisectability! |
| |
| |
| TODO |
| ==== |
| |
| This has mostly be written in my spare time as a response to my difficulties |
| in testing large series of patches. Apart from tidying up there is quite a |
| bit of scope for improvement. Things like better error diffs and easier |
| access to log files. Also it would be nice if buildman could 'hunt' for |
| problems, perhaps by building a few boards for each arch, or checking |
| commits for changed files and building only boards which use those files. |
| |
| |
| Credits |
| ======= |
| |
| Thanks to Grant Grundler <grundler@chromium.org> for his ideas for improving |
| the build speed by building all commits for a board instead of the other |
| way around. |
| |
| |
| Simon Glass |
| sjg@chromium.org |
| Halloween 2012 |
| Updated 12-12-12 |
| Updated 23-02-13 |