include/linux/bitfield.h

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2014 Felix Fietkau <nbd@nbd.name>
 * Copyright (C) 2004 - 2009 Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2
 * as published by the Free Software Foundation
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 */

#ifndef _LINUX_BITFIELD_H
#define _LINUX_BITFIELD_H

#include <linux/bug.h>
#include <asm/byteorder.h>

/*
 * Bitfield access macros
 *
 * FIELD_{GET,PREP} macros take as first parameter shifted mask
 * from which they extract the base mask and shift amount.
 * Mask must be a compilation time constant.
 *
 * Example:
 *
 *  #define REG_FIELD_A  GENMASK(6, 0)
 *  #define REG_FIELD_B  BIT(7)
 *  #define REG_FIELD_C  GENMASK(15, 8)
 *  #define REG_FIELD_D  GENMASK(31, 16)
 *
 * Get:
 *  a = FIELD_GET(REG_FIELD_A, reg);
 *  b = FIELD_GET(REG_FIELD_B, reg);
 *
 * Set:
 *  reg = FIELD_PREP(REG_FIELD_A, 1) |
 *	  FIELD_PREP(REG_FIELD_B, 0) |
 *	  FIELD_PREP(REG_FIELD_C, c) |
 *	  FIELD_PREP(REG_FIELD_D, 0x40);
 *
 * Modify:
 *  reg &= ~REG_FIELD_C;
 *  reg |= FIELD_PREP(REG_FIELD_C, c);
 */

#define __bf_shf(x) (__builtin_ffsll(x) - 1)

#define __BF_FIELD_CHECK(_mask, _reg, _val, _pfx)			\
	({								\
		BUILD_BUG_ON_MSG(!__builtin_constant_p(_mask),		\
				 _pfx "mask is not constant");		\
		BUILD_BUG_ON_MSG(!(_mask), _pfx "mask is zero");	\
		BUILD_BUG_ON_MSG(__builtin_constant_p(_val) ?		\
				 ~((_mask) >> __bf_shf(_mask)) & (_val) : 0, \
				 _pfx "value too large for the field"); \
		BUILD_BUG_ON_MSG((_mask) > (typeof(_reg))~0ull,		\
				 _pfx "type of reg too small for mask"); \
		__BUILD_BUG_ON_NOT_POWER_OF_2((_mask) +			\
					      (1ULL << __bf_shf(_mask))); \
	})

/**
 * FIELD_FIT() - check if value fits in the field
 * @_mask: shifted mask defining the field's length and position
 * @_val:  value to test against the field
 *
 * Return: true if @_val can fit inside @_mask, false if @_val is too big.
 */
#define FIELD_FIT(_mask, _val)						\
	({								\
		__BF_FIELD_CHECK(_mask, 0ULL, _val, "FIELD_FIT: ");	\
		!((((typeof(_mask))_val) << __bf_shf(_mask)) & ~(_mask)); \
	})

/**
 * FIELD_PREP() - prepare a bitfield element
 * @_mask: shifted mask defining the field's length and position
 * @_val:  value to put in the field
 *
 * FIELD_PREP() masks and shifts up the value.  The result should
 * be combined with other fields of the bitfield using logical OR.
 */
#define FIELD_PREP(_mask, _val)						\
	({								\
		__BF_FIELD_CHECK(_mask, 0ULL, _val, "FIELD_PREP: ");	\
		((typeof(_mask))(_val) << __bf_shf(_mask)) & (_mask);	\
	})

/**
 * FIELD_GET() - extract a bitfield element
 * @_mask: shifted mask defining the field's length and position
 * @_reg:  32bit value of entire bitfield
 *
 * FIELD_GET() extracts the field specified by @_mask from the
 * bitfield passed in as @_reg by masking and shifting it down.
 */
#define FIELD_GET(_mask, _reg)						\
	({								\
		__BF_FIELD_CHECK(_mask, _reg, 0U, "FIELD_GET: ");	\
		(typeof(_mask))(((_reg) & (_mask)) >> __bf_shf(_mask));	\
	})

extern void __compiletime_error("value doesn't fit into mask")
__field_overflow(void);
extern void __compiletime_error("bad bitfield mask")
__bad_mask(void);

static __always_inline u64 field_multiplier(u64 field)
{
	if ((field | (field - 1)) & ((field | (field - 1)) + 1))
		__bad_mask();
	return field & -field;
}

static __always_inline u64 field_mask(u64 field)
{
	return field / field_multiplier(field);
}

#define ____MAKE_OP(type, base, to, from)				\
static __always_inline __##type type##_encode_bits(base v, base field)	\
{									\
	if (__builtin_constant_p(v) && (v & ~field_mask(field)))	\
		__field_overflow();					\
	return to((v & field_mask(field)) * field_multiplier(field));	\
}									\
static __always_inline __##type type##_replace_bits(__##type old,	\
					base val, base field)		\
{									\
	return (old & ~to(field)) | type##_encode_bits(val, field);	\
}									\
static __always_inline void type##p_replace_bits(__##type * p,		\
					base val, base field)		\
{									\
	*p = (*p & ~to(field)) | type##_encode_bits(val, field);	\
}									\
static __always_inline base type##_get_bits(__##type v, base field)	\
{									\
	return (from(v) & field) / field_multiplier(field);		\
}

#define __MAKE_OP(size)							\
	____MAKE_OP(le##size, u##size, cpu_to_le##size, le##size##_to_cpu) \
	____MAKE_OP(be##size, u##size, cpu_to_be##size, be##size##_to_cpu) \
	____MAKE_OP(u##size, u##size, ,)

____MAKE_OP(u8, u8, ,)
__MAKE_OP(16)
__MAKE_OP(32)
__MAKE_OP(64)

#undef __MAKE_OP
#undef ____MAKE_OP

#endif